As we all know, Health is the basic aspect of our life. Now let´s study what our body is!!

Cell is the basic unit of our body. Every organ and part of our body is made up of cells. A group of cells functioning collectively and similarly forms a Tissue. A group of tissues forms the Organ. Sometimes, there are different groups of tissues having different functions comprising a single organ. The organs form various systems in our body. A perfect balance and harmony between these various body systems is termed as Health!
Let´s now see the different systems in our body which help to keep our body healthy.

1 : The nervous system: It consists of (a) the central nervous system (which is the brain and spinal cord) and (b) peripheral nervous system. In the central nervous system, the brain is the organ of thought, emotion, and sensory processing, and serves many aspects of communication and control of various other systems and functions by sending and receiving various signals from various systems from the body. The special senses consist of vision, hearing, taste, smell and touch. The eyes, ears, tongue, and nose sense the information about the body´s environment to maintain a perfect equilibrium.

2 : The musculoskeletal system: It consists of the human skeleton (which includes bones, ligaments, tendons, and cartilage) and attached muscles. It gives basic structure and the ability for movement to the body. In addition to their structural role, the larger bones in the body contain bone marrow, which is the site of production of blood cells. All bones are major storage sites for calcium and phosphate.

3 : The circulatory system: It consists of the heart and blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries). The heart is a muscular pump which helps in the circulation of the blood, and to transfer oxygen, fuel, nutrients, waste products, immune cells, and other molecules like hormones from one part of the body to another. The blood consists of fluid that carries cells in the circulation, including some that move from tissue to blood vessels and back. These cells are made by the bone marrow and spleen in our body.

4 : The respiratory system: It consists of the nose, nasopharynx ( a passage between nose and the pharynx), trachea and bronchi, and lungs. It exchanges oxygen from the air and in turn, excretes carbon dioxide and water back into the air.

5 : The gastrointestinal system: It consists of the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small and large intestines (gut), and rectum, as well as the liver, gallbladder, pancreas and salivary glands. It converts food into small, nutritional, non-toxic molecules for distribution by the circulation to all tissues of the body, and excretes the unused residue. It also helps in digestion of the food with the help of gastric juices secreted in the stomach.

6 : The integumentary system: It consists of the skin which covers our entire body, and also includes hair and nails as well as other functionally important glands such as the sweat glands and sebaceous glands. The skin provides containment, structure, and protection for other organs, but it also serves as a major sensory surface. The skin also has a layer of fats below it which act as the shock absorbers preventing major shocks thereby protecting the very important and vital organs in the body.

7 : The urinary system: It consists of the kidneys, ureters, the urinary bladder, and urethra. It extracts water from the blood to produce urine, which carries a variety of waste molecules and excess ions and water out of the body which could be harmful to our body.

8 : The reproductive system: It consists of the gonads and the internal and external sex organs. There is male reproductive system consisting of the male sex organs and testes which produce the sperms and the female reproductive system consisting of the female sex organs and ovaries which produce the ovum. The reproductive system produces gametes (sperms and ova) in each sex, a mechanism for their combination, and a nurturing environment leads to fertilisation and development of the offspring after the period of pregnancy and gestation.

9 : The immune system: It consists of the white blood cells, the thymus, lymph nodes and lymph channels, which are also part of the lymphatic system. The immune system provides a ‘defence mechanism’ for the body to distinguish between the body cells and tissues from alien cells and substances. The immune system acts and defends to neutralize or destroy harmful foreign substances such as bacteria, fungi and viruses by using specialized proteins such as antibodies, cytokines, and toll-like receptors etc.

10 : The endocrine system: It consists of the principal endocrine glands in our body which are: the Pituitary, Thyroid and Parathyroid, Adrenals, Pancreas, and Gonads. Nearly all organs and tissues produce specific endocrine hormones as well. The endocrine hormones serve as signals from one body system to another regarding various conditions, and resulting in variety of changes of functions and regulations.

All these systems collectively form a healthy and balanced body. Any disturbance in their normal functioning leads to a disease or disorder.
The endocrine system consists of the principal endocrine glands: the pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, pancreas, parathyroids, and gonads, but nearly all organs and tissues produce specific endocrine hormones as well. The endocrine hormones serve as signals from one body system to another regarding an enormous array of conditions, and resulting in variety of changes of function.